Random facts – things I learned (Jan 26 2024) – As Sam Altman wrote in 2017, “I believe the merge has already started, and we are a few years in”:

Some prior editions:

Random facts:

The price of inaction is far greater than the cost of making a mistake

I’ll always remember what Synthesis founder Chrisman Frank told me: “Still haven’t met anyone who has quit drinking and regretted it.”

Instead, playful exchanges produce trust, reciprocity, and VIBES—the ineffable group energy that squads value most

I think all the greatest minds that I’ve ever worked with share this in common: They have ultra-strong curiosity, he says

$250b of India’s GDP exports are essentially GPT-4 tokens… what happens now?

This is well documented in Vienna because it’s now widely known that Freud was doing dubious experiments on women. But now these experiments are basically commonplace psychiatry. We should be very afraid that a freakshow practice by weirdos in Vienna is now the mainstream way of understanding the mind across the western world. Freud is universally discredited, and yet is still core of so much in the modern era. It’s nuts

Barring cataclysms, I consider the development of intelligent machines a near-term inevitability. Rather quickly, they could displace us from existence. I’m not as alarmed as many, since I consider these future machines our progeny, “mind children” built in our image and likeness, ourselves in more potent form

As Sam Altman wrote in 2017, “I believe the merge has already started, and we are a few years in”:
Our phones control us and tell us what to do when; social media feeds determine how we feel; search engines decide what we think. The algorithms that make all this happen are no longer understood by any one person

Cancer hates mushrooms — 2/3 an ounce a day = 45% lower risk of cancer
“Mushrooms are like the swiss army knife for treating diseases.”

I see a lot of people with talent but the one thing they don’t have is that just love of doing it for the sake of it. — Rodney Mullen

China’s petrochemical sector will “add as much production capacity for ethylene and propylene – the two most important petrochemical building blocks – as presently exists in Europe, Japan and Korea combined.” Meanwhile, U.S. producers have increased exports of petrochemical feedstocks, intermediates, and polymers – more than three-quarters of the increase in production has gone to China. As a result, there is a new “symbiosis between the largest global source of demand growth – China – and the largest global source of supply growth – the United States

Korean saying, 3 things in life that are unavoidable = taxes, death, and Samsung

Neil Gaiman’s Masterclass
-Eventually he realized he had to start finishing them – the improvement was QUANTUM
-Whenever he’s stuck, he ask “what does my character want?” this is always your way through – you can put two of the strongest and most developed characters together, have them battle over what they want, discuss it, search for it, find it

Some view this regression phenomenon as the foundational policy of the crypto space: “whatever is permitted by the protocol’s code and market structure is legitimate.” This viewpoint, while rarely expressed in such direct terms, is remarkably common among crypto users

4chan started as a community for anime lovers; Inspired by Japanese forum + image board

Going to the gym when you don’t feel like it gives you the greatest high

When all these sensory and emotional tides have ceased to flow, then the spirit is free, mukta –at least for the time being. It has entered the state called samadhi. Samadhi can come and go; generally it can be entered only in a long period of meditation and after many years of ardent endeavor

Perpetual futures are like a never-ending lease on a car, while traditional futures are like a car rental with a fixed return date.

Token buyers will be to investors what bloggers/tweeters are to journalists: Tokens will break down the barrier between professional investors and token buyers in the same way that the internet brought down the barrier between professional journalists and tweeters and bloggers.

In real estate you make money on the buy not the sell

Educator Abraham Flexner traces the origins of discoveries, often born from curiosity rather than an aim for utility. “Throughout the whole history of science most of the really great discoveries which had ultimately proved to be beneficial to mankind had been made by men and women who were driven not by the desire to be useful but merely the desire to satisfy their curiosity.”

Before menopause, a woman is aging slower than a man by almost a decade – then menopause hits and it’s like falling off a cliff in terms of aging

If you think in terms of surface area, it’s easy to see why we are so anxious, stressed, and constantly behind.
We feel like we need more time, but what we’re craving is more focus. What we need is a smaller surface area.
Your surface area becomes part of your identity. She’s the ‘busy person’ with her hand in every project. He’s the guy with four houses.

Most of the really happy people I know have a relatively small surface area. I know billionaires with two houses. Most of my close friends only have 4-5 close friends – everyone else is a friend in the loose sense of the word. Most of the productive people I know at work are focused on one or two things, not 5.

Russians have been sad and resigned for thousands of years,” she replied. “It’s how we stay resilient. I’m against this war, but I can’t do anything but wait, like everyone else. They manipulate us with artificial ideas. Garbage. But the West has been humiliating us for too long. Don’t we also have a right to be who we want to be without feeling like barbarians?”

Seth Godin talks about how he changed his own negative self-talk by listening to Zig Ziglar tapes, for three hours a day, for three years. Similarly—but slightly different—Cathy Park Hong transcribed Richard Pryor’s audio and film performances.

On a similar note, this is also why the “beach episode” has become a staple in ACG works. Setting aside the fan service, these beach episodes typically don’t depict any major conflicts, and focus purely on showcasing interesting character moments. It’s not a stretch to deduce that this is also why westerners typically despise or eschew “filler episodes” that don’t advance a main conflict, while people in Japan / Asia tend to enjoy and appreciate them more

Breath control is emotional control

Globally, twice as many people die from suicide than from homicide. In Germany, 18x more people die from suicide than from homicide (primarily a result of low homicide rates).

The world’s best-scoring country in 1800 (Belgium, 33%) suffered from child mortality twice as high as the worst-scoring country today (Angola, 17%).

In an interview, Mr. Johnson said he didn’t care what present-day people thought of him. “I’m more interested in what people of the 25th century think of me,” he said. “The majority of opinions now represent the past.”

Road accidents cause 2.2% of deaths worldwide – more than malaria (1.1%), war (0.2%), and homicide (0.7%) combined.

Twelve thousand years ago, there were only 2.5 million people on earth: a quarter of the population of London today.

The unemployed are more likely to follow the peddlers of hope than the handers-out of relief.

I knew from the age of 13 that this is what I was gonna do until the day I died – Mr. Beast

@eshear
I don’t know who needs to hear this, but if you just listen and watch yourself talk enough, it stops feeling weird and cringe and starts feeling normal, like watching anyone else. You hear the actual content eventually.

Talk to a man about himself and he will listen for hours

Nothing beats funny – Will Smith

Circa the early 2000s, “internet safety” discussions revolved around first-order issues like identity theft, cybercrime and child exploitation. But with the benefit of hindsight, these direct concerns were swamped by the internet’s second-order effects on our politics and culture. Indeed, between an information tsunami and new platforms for mass mobilization, the internet destabilized political systems worldwide, even leading to outright regime change in the case of the Arab Spring.

There is also a privacy issue with Twttr. Every user has a public page that shows all of their messages. Messages from that person’s extended network are also public. I imagine most users are not going to want to have all of their Twttr messages published on a public website

It is not stress that harms us but distress.

“It makes me raise my level. If it doesn’t hurt a little bit, it’s because you don’t care enough.” – Holger Rune

I used to write infrequently, only when I had a free two- or three-hour block of time. Since this summer, however, I’ve started writing in 15-minute bursts, and have seen a huge benefit in both the quality and quantity of my work. Making use of each and every small fragment of time has improved my writing and editing processes, as well as my output

Han writes:
The complaint of the depressive individual, ‘Nothing is possible,’ can only occur in a society that thinks, ‘Nothing is impossible.’

As Nietzsche’s Zarathustra declares:
All of you who are in love with hectic work and whatever is fast, new, strange — you find it hard to bear yourselves, your diligence is escape and the will to forget yourself. If you believed more in life, you would hurl yourself less into the moment. But you do not have enough content in yourselves for waiting — not even for laziness!

as any old-time nethead will be quick to lecture you, the Internet was a lonely (but thrilling!) cultural backwater for two decades before it hit the media radar. A graph of the number of Internet hosts worldwide, starting in the 1960s, hardly creeps above the bottom line. Then, around 1991, the global tally of hosts suddenly mushrooms, exponentially arcing up to take over the world.

Charlie’s life and wisdom by sharing something he wrote me in 2001: “Maybe we have a new version of Lord Acton’s law: easy money corrupts, and really easy money corrupts absolutely.”

Its greatest failure in the past eight years has been its inability to address the malaise shared by young people in Taiwan: long working hours, low pay, unaffordable housing, poor protection for renters, and a growing gulf between the mega-rich and everybody else.

“The first principle is that you must not fool yourself, and you are the easiest person to fool.” — Richard Feynman
“Perpetual optimism is a force multiplier.” — Colin Powell

And—this is the most important part—anytime you choose to help others, you activate this state. Caring for others triggers the biology of courage and creates hope.

Sometimes I’ll know exactly what I need to do in order to leave the bog, but I’m too afraid to do it. I’m afraid to tell the truth, or make someone mad, or take a risk. And so I dither, hoping that the future will not require me to be brave

In 1899, a promising young poet and would-be revolutionary dropped out of the theological seminary in Tbilisi, Georgia. He took with him 18 library books, for which the monks demanded payment of 18 roubles and 15 kopeks. When, 54 years later, the same voracious bookworm died, he had 72 unreturned volumes from the Lenin Library in Moscow on his packed shelves. At the time, the librarians probably had too many other issues with Josef Vissarionovich Dzhugashvili, aka Stalin, to worry about collecting his unpaid fines

Stalin not only read, quickly and hungrily: he claimed to devour 500 pages each day and, in the Twenties, ordered 500 new titles every year — not to mention the piles of works submitted to him by hopeful or fearful authors. He annotated with passion and vigour. Hundreds of volumes crawl with his distinctive markings and marginalia (the so-called pometki), their pages festooned with emphatic interjections: “ha ha”, “gibberish”, “rubbish”, “fool”, “scumbag”; and, more rarely, “agreed”, “spot on”, or the noncommittal doubt conveyed by the Russian “m-da”.

Buddhist texts speak of three kinds of gifts — material resources, sharing the Dharma with others, and non-fear, which is the greatest gift. Because bodhisattvas are free from fear, they can help many people. Non-fear is the greatest gift we can offer to those we love. – Thich Nhat Hanh

Religion is way to get a very good idea to cross over time

In a land of great rivers, the Volga is the river. They call it matushka, the mother; it flows from the Valdai Hills to the land of the Chuvash, the Tatars, the Cossacks, the Kalmyks, and into the Caspian Sea

Nietzsche’s first book, The Birth of Tragedy, in which he outlines his idea that great art involves the careful interplay between two core elements of the human psyche, the Apollonian (which promotes order, symmetry, and harmony) and the Dionysian (which stands for violent chaos and intoxication).

Podcast notes: Sam Altman (OpenAI CEO) on Lex Fridman – “Consciousness…something very strange is going on”

// everything is paraphrased from Sam’s perspective unless otherwise noted

Base model is useful, but adding RLHF – take human feedback (eg, of two outputs, which is better) – works remarkably well with remarkably little data to make model more useful

Pre training dataset – lots of open source DBs, partnerships – a lot of work is building great dataset

“We should be in awe that we got to this level” (re GPT 4)

Eval = how to measure a model after you’ve trained it

Compressing all of the web into an organized box of human knowledge

“I suspect too much processing power is using model as database” (versus as a reasoning engine)

Every time we put out new model – outside world teaches us a lot – shape technology with us

ChatGPT bias – “not something I felt proud of”
Answer will be to give users more personalized, granular control

Hope these models bring more nuance to world

Important for progress on alignment to increase faster than progress on capabilities

GPT4 = most capable and most aligned model they’ve done
RLHF is important component of alignment
Better alignment > better capabilities and vice-versa

Tuned GPT4 to follow system message (prompt) closely
There are people who spend 12 hours/day, treat it like debugging software, get a feel for model, how prompts work together

Dialogue and iterating with AI / computer as a partner tool – that’s a really big deal

Dream scenario: have a US constitutional convention for AI, agree on rules and system, democratic process, builders have this baked in, each country and user can set own rules / boundaries

Doesn’t like being scolded by a computer — “has a visceral response”

At OpenAI, we’re good at finding lots of small wins, the detail and care applied — the multiplicative impact is large

People getting caught up in parameter count race, similar to gigahertz processor race
OpenAI focuses on just doing whatever works (eg, their focus on scaling LLMs)

We need to expand on GPT paradigm to discover novel new science

If we don’t build AGI but make humans super great — still a huge win

Most programmers think GPT is amazing, makes them 10x more productive

AI can deliver extraordinary increase in quality of life
People want status, drama, people want to create, AI won’t eliminate that

Eliezer Yudkowsky’s AI criticisms – wrote a good blog post on AI alignment, despite much of writing being hard to understand / having logical flaws

Need a tight feedback loop – continue to learn from what we learn

Surprised a bit by ChatGPT reception – thought it would be, eg, 10th fastest growing software product, not 1st
Knew GPT4 would be good – remarkable that we’re even debating whether it’s AGI or not

Re: AI takeoff, believes in slow takeoff, short timelines

Lex: believes GPT4 can fake consciousness

Ilya S said if you trained a model that had no data or training examples whatsoever related to consciousness, yet it could immediately understand when a user described what consciousness felt like

Lex on Ex Machina: consciousness is when you smile for no audience, experience for its own sake

Consciousness…something very strange is going on

// Stopped taking notes ~halfway

Interview notes – Sam Altman on OpenAI, ChatGPT, Helion, Hermeus – StrictlyVC

He doesn’t read the news
Likes trolling on Twitter…”Twitter’s fun”
“Twitter’s gonna be fine”

HIS INVESTMENTS

400 personal investments, a few thousand including YC
All the companies he’s added value to are those he thinks about in his free time – while hiking, texting the founder an idea

Most successful investment? Stripe on a multiples basis

Helion – fusion energy
Personally invested $375M (!)
Other thing besides OpenAI that he spends a lot of time on
New energy system that works on super low cost
Hardest challenge is how to replace all (current) generative capacity on Earth really quickly
“Who can deliver energy the cheapest, and enough of it”
Simple machine, affordable cost, reasonable size
If fusion works…will change dynamics of what’s possible – enables more downstream (eg, more powerful planes)

Hermeus – supersonic jet company
Led $100M round
Was also involved with a competitor Boom – but different tech and approach
Huge market with multiple needs

Worldcoin
He’s a cofounder, on the board, but not day to day involved
Will tell its story soon – believes it will go over well (unlike earlier negative media coverage)
We give up more privacy to Facebook than Worldcoin
Phenomenal team
Launch in months
Interested in any tech to experiment with global UBI (versus what one country can do)

Re: crypto — “honestly not super interested”
“Love spirit of web3, but don’t intuitively feel why we need it”

Inception Fertility
In-vitro gametogenesis
In shadow of AI
Next 5-7 years of biotech will be remarkable
Human life extension – “yeah maybe that’s gonna work”

Investing for 20 years, president of YC for 5-6 years
Garry (new YC president) will do a lot of things differently and be wildly successful
Last few years were really hard for YC
YC can remake itself now – tourists are leaving now

ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE

OpenAI has pulled together “most talent dense” AI team
“Gonna be tremendously good”

Why did ChatGPT and DALL-E so surprise people?
“Don’t know…reflected on it a lot”

If you make a good UX on top of something – believed users wanted to interact via dialogue
Pieces were there for awhile

Standard belief was AI would take over low skill / truck driving / generic white collar
Going exact opposite direction – taking over creativity where we thought humans might have special sauce
It’s not an intuitive finding

Released GPT-3 three years ago – thought ChatGPT would be incremental, was surprised by public reaction

ChatGPT will cause societal changes – eg, academic integrity
“Stakes are still relatively low”
Covid did show us society can update to massive changes faster than he expected

Given expected economic impact – “more gradual is better”

GPT-4 will come out when we’re confident we can do it safely and responsibly
Will release tech much more slowly than people will like
GPT-4 rumor mill is a ridiculous thing

Re: ChatGPT – built a thing, couldn’t figure out how to monetize it, put it out via an API, and users figured out how to use it

Would like to see AI super democratized, have several AGIs in the world
Cost of intelligence and energy trends down and down
“Massive surplus…benefits all of us”
Believes in capitalism – best service at lowest price

Society will need to agree on what AGI should never do
Broad absolute rules of the system
Within that, AI can do different things – safe for work one, edgier creative one – different values they enforce
A user can write up a spec of what they want, and AI will act according to it – “should be your AI…to serve you”

Microsoft – only tech company he’d be excited to partner with this deeply
Satya, Kevin Scott, Mary McHale
Values-aligned company

“We’re very much here to build AGI”
“We wanna be useful to people”

Re: Google’s AI – hasn’t seen it, assume they’re a competent org

We’re in a new world – generated text is something we all need to adapt to, like we adapted to calculators
“I’d much rather have ChatGPT teach me…than read a textbook”

Anthropic – rival AI, stressing an ethical layer
Very talented team
Multiple AGIs in the world is better than one

Society decided free speech is not quite absolute – in similar ways AI / LLMs will need to have bounds too

Video is coming… no confident prediction about when
Legitimate research project – could take awhile

AUDIENCE Q&A

When fusion online?
By 2028, could be plugging fusion generators into grid (pending regulators)

Re: AI worst and best case?
“best case is so unbelievably good that it’s hard to imagine, discovering new knowledge in a year instead of 70K years”
“Bad case is lights out for all of us”
More worried about accidental mis-use in short term, less about the AI itself being evil

How far away is AGI?
Much blurrier and gradual transition than people think

Re: state of San Francisco
Real shame we treat people like this
How elected leaders don’t fix the problem
Tech has some responsibility for it
But other cities do better than this
Super long in-person work and Bay Area

Re: ChatGPT reaction
Expected one order magnitude less hype, users, of everything
Less hype is probably better
The tech is impressive, but not robust
Use it 100x, see the weaknesses

How Sam uses ChatGPT?
Summarize super long documents, emails
For translation

Re: Google code red, threat to search
When people talk about new tech being end of a giant company, they’re usually long
Change is coming (for Google), but not as dramatically as people think

Before Google, memorizing facts was important – and now we’ll change again – and we’ll adapt faster than most people think

Prefers hybrid work, like YC – few days at home, few days in office
Skeptical that fully remote is thing everyone does
Most important companies will still be heavily in-person

Safety engineering for AI is different from standard safety engineering – consequences are greater, deserves more study

Raising capital now is hard, especially later stages – but other things easier – easier to rise above noise, hire, get customers
What he’d do now — recommends for founders – “do AI for some vertical”

Advice for AI startups
Differentiate by building deep relationships with users, some moat like network effect
Plan for AI models continually improving
OpenAI is a platform, but also wants to do a killer app (platform + killer app) to show people what’s possible

Podcast notes: Sam Altman (OpenAI) on AI – “One of genuine new tech platforms since mobile”

Interviewer: Reid Hoffman
Guest: Sam Altman

Not yet trillion dollar “take on Googles” startups yet – but will be a serious challenge to Google for first time

eg, Human level chatbot interface that actually works – new medical services, new education services

Idea of language interface where you say in natural language, dialogue, and computer just does it for you

Very powerful models will be one of genuine new tech platforms since mobile

How to create an enduring differentiated business
-small handful of large base models will win – skeptical of startups doing small models
middle layer will become really important – take large models, tune it, create model for medicine, or model for AI friend – will have data flywheel

Lots of AI experts think these models won’t generate net new knowledge for humanity – thinks they’ll be wrong and surprised

AI in science:
1. Science dedicated products eg Alpha Fold – will see a lot more, bio cos will do amazing things
2. Tools that make us more productive – improve net output of scientists and engineers – eg, CoPilot
3. AI that can be an AI scientist to self improve – automate our own jobs, go off and test new science and research – teaching AI to do that

What is Alignment Problem?
A powerful system that has goals in conflict with ours
How do we build AGI that does things in best interests of humanity
How to avoid accidental or intentional mis-use
AI could eventually help us do alignment research itself
Reid: will be able to tell agent “don’t be racist” and let it figure out

AI moonshots?
-language models will go much further than people think – so much algorithmic progress to come, even if we run out of compute or data
true multi modal models – every modality, fluidly move between them
-continuous learning models
These above 3 things will be huge victory

OpenAI – focus on next thing where we have high confidence, let 10% of company go and explore
Can’t plan for greatness, but sometimes breakthroughs will happen

AI will seep in everywhere
Marginal cost of intelligence and energy will rapidly trend towards zero – will touch almost everything

Metaverse will become like iPhone – a new container for software
AI will be new technological revolution – more about how metaverse will fit into AI then vice-versa

Low cost + fast cycle times is how you compete as a startup

In bio – simulators are bad, AI could help

What are best utopian sci-fi universes so far
-Star Trek is pretty good
-The Last Question is incredible short story
-Reid: Ian Banks – Culture series
-tried to write his own sci fi story, was a lotta fun

Having a lot of kids is great – wants to do it

Won’t be doing prompt engineering in 5 years
Will be text / voice in natural language to get computer to do what you want
eg, Be my therapist and make my life better; Teach me something I want to know

Reid: great visual thinker can get more out of DALL-E — will be an evolving set of human talents going that extra mile

How to define AGI
Equivalent of a median human that you can hire as a coworker – be a doctor, be a coder
Meta-skill of getting good at whatever you need

Super intelligence = smarter than all of humanity put together

Economic impacts will be huge in 20-30 years
Society may not tolerate that change – what is the new social contract
How to fairly distribute wealth
How to ensure access to AI systems (“commodity of the realm”)
Not worried about human fulfillment – we’ll always solve it
But concepts of wealth and access and governance will all change

Running largest UBI experiment in world – 5 year project

Tools for creatives — will be the great application for AI in short-term
Mostly not replacing, but enhancing their jobs

How do these LLMs differentiate from each other?
The middle layer is what will differentiate – the startups fine-tuning the base models, about the data flywheel, could include prompt engineering

Podcast notes – Worldcoin CEO Alex Blania – Epicenter (Sebastien and Friederike)

Guest: Alex Blania
Host: Sebastien Couture and Friederike Ernst
https://epicenter.tv/episodes/435

Background
-Vertical farming
-Caltech physics

Sam (Altman) was already working with Max on it
Alex became friends with them, became a cofounder
Brought on friends from German uni, Caltech
Lots of physicists as a result

He’s CEO, there’s 100 people, runs daily business
Sam is cofounder & chairman, involved in every big decision
Max is great zero to one guy

Started Worldcoin 2 years ago
How to accelerate societal transition into crypto & blockchain, should be net positive for society

Initially planned to launch a token, accessible to everyone
How to solve sybil resistance so everyone gets a fair share?
Built hardware device, “the orb” to verify this
It’s a platform for other projects, as well as for their own token (Worldcoin)

Onboarded 450K users already, now ready to scale

Initially thought about sybil resistance for months
Lots of existing solutions with problems – KYC, network topology
Only truly scalable solution is biometrics (it’s unique to each person, only need to do it once)
You can use ZKP in crypto to make it privacy preserving while maintaining scale
Didn’t want to make a hardware device, it’s a brutal endeavor

The Orb
“Proof of personhood” – how to prove you’re unique and alive, not a bot or attacker
First liveness check, checks you’re a real human
Calculates unique ID from picture of eye – from eye muscle – only eye biometric data really works, fingerprint and face don’t
Iris hash stored in L2
User can then prove they’re among a set of people
But doesn’t reveal public or private key – only proves you belong to a group of people
DB of iris hashes is stored on an L2

Team is very extreme on privacy
Biometrics aren’t your identity, just your passport
Orb users receive 2 key pairs – one is eg ETH wallet private & public key, second is biometric data keys (semaphore key?)
Only thing you can prove from the hash is that you belong to a group of users (eg, you use a specific app) – which is more secure than eg, your Google username
Expect to eventually open source hardware designs

SC: Concern that hardware becomes hacked or corrupted, open sourcing hardware would be helpful. Is there a nightmare scenario?

Real concern is malicious people who build own orbs and pretend it’s the official Orb
Need to be very transparent and educational about this

SC: Got a DNA kit for Xmas, but decided to send it back – it’s the unknown unknowns he can’t square

Worldcoin is truly privacy preserving by its design and usage of ZKPs
Token is L2 on Ethereum, optimistic rollup
Will allow minting token on other blockchains like Solana or Near

Right now if you lose your semaphore key (the Orb specific key), then you lose your identity – still need to solve for this

They’re building own app to help with onboarding

New users sign up, receive Worldcoin tokens, with governance rights
Experimenting with incentive mechanisms
10B tokens, capped supply, 8B to users
Early users receive more tokens – a gradual unlock over time (eg, 2 years) – more like UBI
Other projects will also airdrop to Worldcoin network – should start happening soon

They’re very excited about UBI, especially when AGI gets closer

If reach supply cap (eg, if literally everyone in world adopts it), let’s see what governance / community decides to do

Started as small team in SF apartment

Plan to make 50K of these orbs every year
Already onboarded 450K with just 30 devices – think about the eventual scale
Each device can onboard 800-2K people/week – the numbers are much better than they initially thought
Operational load is insane – how to educate, properly onboard

30 devices – spread widely, very experimental, across globe (Europe, Africa, Indonesia, etc)
Want to find operators who would otherwise run companies
Strong Pareto distribution – the best ones onboard a lot more people
Eg, operator ran a crypto club in Kenya, onboards a lot of young people there

Worldcoin not tradable today – you receive IOUs today – wait until main net goes live
Young people find it cool and exciting
Becomes platform for other protocols and tokens
Orb operators receive stablecoin payments, not Worldcoin

How do you align operators?
Eg, operator could trick people, go to elderly home and scan everyone’s irises
Tough problem, still experimenting, seeing these problems already with just 30 orbs

Corporate structure
US entity, German entity, Swiss foundation
Small team in SF, most of team in Europe – in small town in middle of Germany, did this during covid so they could work together
Swiss foundation for token issuance
Figuring out how to properly setup DAO, with governance rights, etc

Raised $25M from top VCs @ $1B valuation – a16z, SBF, CoinFund, etc
Plan 10% to foundation, 10% to external investors (including above VCs)
// I’m not sure if he’s referring to token allocation or equity ownership in company

FE: How does this align with fair launch mission? If want to do global UBI coin but insiders own 20%

20% is less than other projects, those investors like cdixon are great partners to have, but early advisors / investors thought it was too low and wouldn’t work
Even now they think it’s a struggle since hardware + global scale requires a lot of capital

Incentives should all be aligned around the token, not the company itself

SC: seems like it should be a public good

“It will become a public good”

“I love our investors”

FE: What’s the meme for Worldcoin?

Bitcoin is 0.9 Gini coefficient, Worldcoin will be 0.4 (much better)
Everyone gets ownership in this thing, new playing field

FE: You’re creating value first and foremost for the investors…is it gonna rub people the wrong way? Will it get forked?

We can adapt and change – issue other tokens – etc – have talked to Balaji about this too

SC: Ukraine conflict will accelerate crypto regulation
In 20 years, how will WC make world better?

Solve Sybil resistance
Biggest onboarding to web3
See path to 1B users in <3 years – “was very surprising to us”
UBI deployment

Expect 10M+ users by end of 2022

Open SDK soon – under 3 months

Orbs will lead to different user distribution than other crypto networks – because orb operators spread geographically, and then onboard high penetration locally
This network will give other builders access to lots of new users

Will launch Discord and Telegram relatively soon

FE: wouldn’t personally use biometrics, prefers “web of trust” to scale in truly decentralized manner – “you don’t want to have a conductor for this”